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Why use Microsoft Word’s built-in heading styles?
Why use Word’s built-in heading styles?
You can do almost any task of numbering using your own custom styles.
But there are over a dozen good reasons to use the built-in Heading styles and modify them to suit your needs.
Word has nine built-in Heading styles. They are called Heading 1, Heading 2 etc. You can use other styles (including your own custom styles) for most heading and numbering purposes. But there are good reasons to use Word’s built-in Heading styles.
If you don’t like the format of the built-in styles (and few people would find them attractive as they arrive out of the box), you can modify the styles so they have the font, paragraph and other formatting you want.
Numbering
You can apply numbering to any kind of style. But Word makes it easier to apply numbering to the built-in Heading styles.
Applying the styles
It is particularly easy to apply the built-in Heading styles because Word has built-in keyboard shortcuts. See How to apply a style in Word for a list.
Table of Contents
You can use any styles to construct a Table of Contents. But Word makes it easier if you use the built-in Heading styles, because they are the default.
Page numbering with “chapter” numbering
Let’s say you want your page numbers to look like Page 1-4 or Page 2.5. There are several ways to achieve this. But the numbers won’t appear properly in your Table of Contents unless you use Word’s built-in heading styles.
See I want to include the chapter number with the page number in the Header – how can I do this? on the MS Word MVP FAQ site for a description of how to do page numbering like this (and several good reasons why you might not want to!).
See How to control the page numbering in a Word document at the MS Word MVP FAQ site for a description of how to control page numbering in both simple and quite complex ways.
Captions with “chapter” numbering
There are several ways to create captions for your figures or tables so they look like “Figure 1-4” or “Table 2.3”. But it’s a lot easier to use Word’s built-in caption functionality.
Figure 1: When you go to add “chapter” numbering to captions, the only available styles are the built-in heading styles.
Referring to the captions
So you may as well use the built-in Headings styles and the built-in caption functionality to start with.
TIP: The Word add-in DocTools CrossReferenceManager can help you create cross-references to captions, headings and other types of targets more efficiently than the built-in feature.
Stability
You can create a custom style and number it using the techniques given in How to create numbered headings in your Word document.
But if you accidentally or deliberately delete a custom style that was part of an outline numbering scheme, the whole numbering scheme can collapse. That means you have to go back and re-create the numbering from scratch. Word won’t let you delete the in-built Heading styles, so it helps to protect you and keep the document stable. (If you try to delete a built-in Heading style, Word just re-sets it to the default. But at least it’s still there!)
Publishing to the web
The standard language for publishing documents on the web is HTML. A basic element of HTML is to label headings as H1, H2 etc. If you save a Word document as an HTML file to be published on the web, Word automatically and correctly translates text formatted with the built-in Heading styles as H1, H2 etc.
International Issues
Word comes in dozens of language versions. But “Heading 1” isn’t “Heading 1” in Finnish or French or Farsi. It’s easier to transport Word files (and especially those involving Tables of Contents or macros) across different language setups using the built-in Heading styles, because Word uses special codes to refer to them that are independent of the language being used.
For example, if you create an ordinary Table of Contents that shows 3 levels of built-in heading styles, Word creates the Table of Contents using a field code like this: { TOC o “1-3” }. The “1-3” refers to styles “Heading 1” to “Heading 3”, but it is independent of the language version being used. You can’t get that if you use custom styles.
If you’re creating documents for an international audience that include STYLEREF fields, you can use shortcuts to refer to the built-in heading styles that are independent of your language version of Word. Use { STYLEREF 1 } instead of { STYLEREF “Heading 1” }.
If you’re writing VBA macros for people using Word in several different language versions you might like to look at the list of built-in style constants in Word. You can use the style constants across language versions. For a list of style constants including a macro that lets you add local style names, see Macro – Create List of Local Built-in Style Names.
Creating PDF files
Creating Hyperlinks within your document
Using SEQ fields
If you use SEQ fields for numbering captions or other lists, you can use a switch in the SEQ field to tell Word to re-start the numbering after each occurrence of a built-in Heading style. For example, you might tell the SEQ field to restart after each paragraph in Heading 1 style. There is no equivalent switch for custom styles. (Word’s Help lists all the switches for the SEQ field. Just look up “SEQ”.)
Document Map
In Word 2007 and earlier versions, Document Map produces very peculiar results unless Word can easily see the structure of your document. And the number one way that Word looks for structure in your document is looking for use of the built-in heading styles. (For Word 2010, Microsoft changed the behaviour so you won’t see peculiar results. But, in Word 2010, the Document Map is even more important than ever before. So it’s even more important to use the built-in heading styles.)
By the way, in Word 2003 and earlier versions, you can modify the font and shading used in the Document Map. Simply modify the built-in style called “Document Map”.
Read about How the Document Map works in Microsoft Word on this site.
Accessibility
Screen readers used by people with vision impairment rely on the built-in heading styles to make sense of documents. A screen reader doesn’t know what to make of your built-in style and, worse, can’t recognize that direct formatting (eg bold, a large font size) identifies a heading. To make accessible documents, use Word’s built-in Heading styles.
Furthermore, using the built-in heading styles enables you, or readers of your document, to use the Document Map effectively (as described above). The Document Map is used by people with limited mobility to navigate documents.
Cross-references
Outline View
Maybe the best reason for using Word’s built-in Heading styles was kept till the last.
You can use other styles in Outline View, and you can choose the Level at which they’ll appear. But it’s easiest to use the built-in Heading styles, because they’re already set up ready for you.
Outline View is probably the most useful, and least used, resource in Word. See How to save yourself hours by using Outline View properly at the MS Word MVP FAQ site for a full (and enthusiastic) description of what Outline View can do, and how to use it.
The 11th item in this list was prompted by Mike Bishop of the UK who reminded me about this reason for using the built-in Heading styles.
The 14th item in this list was prompted by Microsoft Powerpoint MVP Glenna Shaw. I keep finding reasons to use Word’s built-in heading styles. At the MVP Summit in Seattle in 2004, Glenna Shaw reminded me that using the built-in heading styles provides for more accessible documents.
The 15th item in this list was suggested by Microsoft Word MVP Suzanne Barnhill following a discussion in Microsoft’s newsgroups “My styles are all messed up”.
Why Using Japanese Word For Love Is A Taboo?
Aishiteru – Love is A Strong Word in the Japanese Culture
The Japanese word for love is Aishiteru which is pronounced as A-i-shi-te-ru. When said in a more respectful and formal way this word becomes Aishitemasu (A-ish-i-te-ma-su). So Aishiteru or Aishitemasu literally translates into “I Love You” in the English language. But let us now understand the significance of this Japanese word for love and the way it is perceived by Japanese women and men. In traditional Japanese culture the use of the word love on a regular basis was considered as a taboo. This way of thought is still prevalent amongst most Japanese people as they believe that using the Japanese word for love as a form of expressing one’s feelings dilutes its meaning and purpose completely. So it is not uncommon to have a relationship with a Japanese woman and hardly ever hear her say “I love you”. But this doesn’t mean that she doesn’t share the same feelings of love that you do. It’s just that Japanese girls come from a culture where the word love is not used very vocally but rather expressed through one’s actions and behavioral responses.
Suki Dayo – A More Appropriate Way of Expressing Your Love
So what would be a suitable word or phrase that would be closes to “I Love You” but not as strong as the literal translation Aishiteru? Well if you want to express your love to a Japanese woman saying Suki Dayo which is pronounced as Su-ki-Da-yo would be completely appropriate. While the word Suki Dayo literally translates into “I Like You” in the English language it is actually used in Japan in the same way “I Love You” is used in the West!
So does this mean that Aishiteru,the Japanese word for love is a strict taboo and should never be used by you while expressing your love to your Japanese girlfriend? Well the answer is actually quite subjective. With the strong western influences in Japan, people perceptions are also changing and Japanese men and women are becoming more open about talking about love which was otherwise a subject that was hardly ever discussed and regarded as best kept to oneself. Still the Japanese word for love has a very deep emotional significance and should be used when and if you really love and are committed to a Japanese girl and that too once in a while! And that means that if you are dating a Japanese girl or would like to date one then saying Suki Dayo would be the best way to express your feelings!
Using Tables In Microsoft Word 2010
Inserting Tables
Before we identify the different parts of a table, let’s go ahead and insert one into our document. To do this, position the cursor at the point in the document where you want to put the table. Don’t worry if it’s not exactly right-you can always move or manipulate it later.
The tool you’re going to use to insert a table is almost directly under the Insert tab. It looks like this:
Here’s an example of a 3 X 3 table using Insert Table:
We know that, without having to count each box, because Word tells us with the text right above the boxes. See where it says “3×3 Table”? Cool, huh? And convenient.
We now have a basic table. So let’s identify the parts.
Each box is called a “Cell.” There are 9 cells in the example above.
The “Rows” go from top to bottom. In the example below, the rows are numbered from one to three and the 1 st row is highlighted.
Columns go from left to right. In this example, the columns are numbered and the middle column (2.) is highlighted. In a program such as Excel, the rows are usually expressed in numbers while the columns are expressed in letters. For instance, in our example Row 1, Column 2 might be expressed as 1b.
So now that we’ve identified the parts of a table, let’s take a look at the other ways in which we can add them.
Using the Insert Table Dialogue
A dialogue launches in the center of your screen. It looks like this.
By default, the column width will adjust automatically to fit the text and objects you insert into a cell. If you don’t want this to happen, you can select “Fixed column width” and set a fixed value.
Drawing a Table
If you know your table is not going to be uniform (regularly sized columns and rows), you can “draw” a table. This is particularly helpful when using tables to create complex page layouts.
Selecting parts of tables
You can select and change the attributes of any row, column, or individual cell.
You can select an entire table using either of those methods.
Adding Text to a Table
Converting Text into a Table
You can convert text into a table. This is especially handy if you’ve already written information that you think would be more effectively conveyed in a table.
To do this, you’ll have to carve up the text into columns and rows using commas and new paragraphs. That’s how you tell Word to separate the text into individual cells. Simply place a comma between the text you want to put into a column and place a paragraph where you want to begin a new row. An example of the text might look like this:
Look at the example below to see the final result.
Quick Tables
Formatting Tables with the Table Tools
Whenever you create or select a table, the Table Tools will open automatically over the Design and Layout tabs in the tool bar. It allows you to easily apply table styles, borders, and shading attributes and more. Below is an example of the Design layout tools available for tables.
A zoom of the Design layout tools for tables, left and right is below:
The Layout tab, when associated with the Table Tools, allows you to easily insert rows and columns, and format text and objects within cells. The Table Tools ribbon is below and the zoom of their left and right sections is below it.
Adjusting the Width of Individual Columns
There are several ways to adjust the width of individual columns:
o Select the column, then go to the Table Tool/Layout tab and type a figure into the Width box as in the following example.
Adjusting Width of All Columns
To fix the width of all of the columns at once, select the entire table and use the Width box in the Table Tool/Layout tab to adjust the columns to the desired size.
You can also use the Distribute Columns button to make all of the columns the same size.
Adjust rows in the same way, except use the Height field.
Adding Rows and Columns
There are two ways to add a new row or column to a table.
o Insert Columns to the Left
o Insert Columns to the Right
o Choose an option from the Rows & Columns section of the ribbon.
Deleting Cells, Rows or Columns
You will then have the option of deleting a cell, a row, a column, or the entire table.
Merging Cells and Splitting Cells
Borders and Shading
The way information in a table is presented determines how easily it can be understood. Use the borders and shading features to control the look of a table.
The borders and shading tools can be found in the Table Styles group on the Design tab under Table Tools.
Microsoft Word 2010 provides some customizable templates. Roll your mouse over one of them, and you will see a preview in your selected table.
Use the Borders button to add or remove borders or adjust the stroke width. Use the Shading feature to control the color of a cell, row or column.
A drop cap is a simple embellishment that, if used correctly, can make your documents look more interesting and professional. Basically, it’s a letter at the beginning of a section or paragraph that is larger than the text that follows it, but instead of extending upward (which is what it would do if you just tried to increase the font size for a single letter) it drops a few lines down:
You can have the letter drop as many lines as you’d like, and even choose how much space to put between it and the text that follows.
Watermarks
You’re probably familiar with watermarks. They can sometimes be seen stamped into expensive bond paper, and they are visible when you hold twenty-dollar-bills up to the light. You’re probably thinking, though, “Cool, Word 2010 can do that?” The answer is, “Sort of.”
A real watermark is stamped into a page with expensive equipment. All Word 2010 does, really, is allows you to place a light, printable image behind all the text and objects in a document. You can use it to add an effect to the document, mark it as a sample or draft, or even authenticate it.
Unlike most objects that can be inserted into a document, the watermark button isn’t located on the Insert tab. Instead, to place one in your document, go to the Page Layout tab and look at the Page Background section of the ribbon. It is placed here because really, that’s what a watermark is-a background. It cannot be manipulated or moved around like other objects.
Borders and Shading
Borders can be applied to an entire page, an entire document, or just certain sections of the document. They can also be applied to paragraphs.
Learn How To Use The Navigation Pane In Microsoft Word
The Navigation Pane in Word 2010 allows you to jump around your document in several ways. You can use it to find text, Word objects, such as tables and graphics, and to jump to specific headings and pages.
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NOTE: Moving your mouse over a thumbnail tells you on which page that occurrence can be found.
The Match case option allows you to find your text exactly how you typed it. For example, if you typed “Mode,” then “mode” will not be found.
When you search for text, all occurrences of it are found whether it is a word by itself or part of another word. For example, if you search for “begin,” occurrences of the word “beginning” would also display in the results. You can prevent this by selecting Find whole words only.
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You can also use wildcards in your search by selecting the Use wildcards option. For instance, if you enter “c?i,” the results would display all words or portions of words that contain “c” as the first letter and “i” as the third letter. All other letters can vary. You can find a list of available wildcard characters on Microsoft’s site here.
NOTE: The Next and Previous buttons can also be used to navigate to the next and previous Word object, if that is what you have selected to find.
If you have used the built-in heading styles in Word to define the sections of your document, you can easily jump to the different sections using the first (Browse the headings in your document) tab.
NOTE: This tab can also be used to easily reorganize your document.
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You can also access the Replace tab or the Go To tab directly using the same drop-down menu on the Navigation Pane that opened the Find tab on the Find and Replace dialog box.
NOTE: The Replace tab adds a Replace with edit box below the Find what edit box on the Find tab.
The Go To tab on the Find and Replace dialog box allows you to jump to specific page numbers, sections, lines, or other document parts and objects.
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NOTE: You can also close the pane using the X button to the right of the down arrow on the pane’s title bar.
Microsoft has improved the search and navigation features in Word 2010, making it easier to move around in your document and find text, styles, special characters, and document elements.
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